I'm trying to find a word that means printing only a part of the output in the middle of a program to check whether there are any bugs/errors in the algorithm. Can anybody kindly help me? Thanks a lot!

debug ?

I'm looking for a more specific word like dry run.

How about "half-assed"?
Or, somewhat more seriously, "spot check".

The closest phrase I can think of is "debug-printing" or "debug-logging".

dump?

I did a little search on the Internet and found the word to be "logging". Still, thanks for all the replies!